Adsorption of 4-Nitrophenol onto Iron Oxide Bentonite Nanocomposite: Process Optimization, Kinetics, Isotherms and Mechanism

Abstract Despite its importance in chemical industry, 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) is a persistent organic pollutant that has serious effects on the ecosystem. In present study, Box–Behnken design response surface methodology was used to optimize adsorption process parameters for maximum 4-NP removal at 30 ℃ using Fe 3 O 4 /Bt NC. The regression model results suggested optimum adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, pH and contact time were 0.3182 g, 85 mg/L, 11 137.2 min, respectively. showed an of 100%, while 99.5% obtained from batch experiments conditions by model, which confirm validity. data best fitted Freundlich isotherm Pseudo second-order kinetic suggesting existence physical interaction between fabricated composite 4-NP. FTIR analysis mechanism included electrostatic attraction formation new bonds. Obtained suggest NC can be effective complete indicated conditions. Graphical